Apprenticeship Guide

How Apprenticeships
Work in Ireland

Everything you need to know about earning while you learn, from craft trades to degree-level programmes. The complete guide for students, parents, and guidance counsellors.

70+
Programmes
10,000+
Register yearly
Level 5–10
NFQ Awards
2–4 yrs
Duration
The Basics

What Is an Apprenticeship?

An apprenticeship is a structured training programme that combines on-the-job learning with an employer and off-the-job study in a college, training centre, or university. You work, earn a wage, and gain a nationally recognised qualification at the same time.

Unlike a PLC or university course where you study full-time first, an apprenticeship puts you into a real job from day one. At least 50% of your learning happens in the workplace, and your employer is an active part of your training throughout.

Real Job, Real Wage
You are employed from day one with a formal contract and salary
Structured Learning
Alternates between workplace training and college or training centre
Recognised Qualification
QQI Level 5 to Level 10 on the National Framework of Qualifications
Two Pathways

Craft Apprenticeships vs New Apprenticeships

Ireland has two types of apprenticeship. Both lead to nationally recognised qualifications, but they work differently. Understanding which is which helps you find the right fit.

Established Trades
Craft Apprenticeships
The original apprenticeship model, covering 25 traditional trades. These have existed for decades and follow a structured 7-phase programme over 4 years, alternating between your employer and training centres or colleges.
4 years, 7 phases
QQI Level 6 Advanced Certificate – Craft
Training via ETBs and Technological Universities
Managed by SOLAS
Employer pays on-the-job; ETB allowance off-the-job
Construction, Electrical, Motor, Engineering sectors
Since 2016
New (Consortium-Led) Apprenticeships
Introduced from 2016 onwards to expand apprenticeships into new industries. Developed by industry-led consortia working with education providers, these programmes range from 2 to 4 years and can award qualifications up to Level 10 (Masters).
2–4 years depending on programme
QQI Level 5 to Level 10 (up to Honours Degree or Masters)
Various universities, colleges, and institutes
Industry-led consortia manage each programme
Employer pays salary throughout entire programme
ICT, Finance, Insurance, Biopharma, Hospitality, and more
Craft Apprenticeships

The 7-Phase Structure

Craft apprenticeships follow a set pattern of on-the-job and off-the-job phases over 4 years. Here is how the journey typically works from start to finish.

On-the-Job (Employer) Off-the-Job (Training)
On-the-Job
Phase 1 — Your Employer
You start with your employer and learn the basics of the trade on-site. Your employer introduces you to the workplace, tools, and safety practices.
Approx. 3 months
Off-the-Job
Phase 2 — ETB Training Centre
Your first period of formal training at an Education and Training Board (ETB) centre. You study theory, develop core skills, and sit your first assessments.
Approx. 20 weeks
On-the-Job
Phase 3 — Your Employer
Back with your employer, applying what you learned. You take on more responsibility and are assessed on your competence in the workplace.
Approx. 6 months
Off-the-Job
Phase 4 — Technological University / IoT
You move to a Technological University or Institute of Technology for more advanced off-the-job training, including examinations and practical assessments.
Approx. 10 weeks
On-the-Job
Phase 5 — Your Employer
Another period of workplace experience. By now you are significantly more skilled and working with increasing independence.
Approx. 6 months
Off-the-Job
Phase 6 — Technological University / IoT
Your final period of formal education. You complete your remaining modules, sit final examinations, and undertake practical trade tests.
Approx. 10 weeks
On-the-Job
Phase 7 — Your Employer
Your final phase. You complete all remaining on-the-job assessments and, on successful completion, are awarded the QQI Level 6 Advanced Certificate – Craft. You are now a fully qualified craftsperson.
Approx. 6 months — Qualification awarded on completion
What Can You Do?

Apprenticeship Sectors at a Glance

There are over 70 apprenticeship programmes across Ireland, spanning everything from traditional construction trades to degree-level qualifications in tech, pharma, and finance.

Electrical
Electrician, Instrumentation, Refrigeration & Air Conditioning, Network Technician
Level 6 – Craft
Construction
Carpentry & Joinery, Plumbing, Brick & Stonelaying, Painting & Decorating, Plastering
Level 6 – Craft
Motor & Mechanical
Motor Mechanic, Heavy Vehicle Mechanic, Agricultural Mechanic, Fitter, Metal Fabrication
Level 6 – Craft
Engineering & Manufacturing
MAMF, OEM Technician, Toolmaking, Wood Manufacturing & Finishing
Level 6 – Craft
Science & Biopharma
Laboratory Technician, Laboratory Analyst, Biopharma Manufacturing, Polymer Processing
Level 6–7 – New
ICT & Telecoms
Software Development, Network Engineering, Cybersecurity, Data & Telecoms Networks
Level 6–8 – New
Business, Finance & Insurance
Insurance Practitioner (Level 8 BA Hons), Accounting Technician, International Financial Services
Level 6–8 – New
Hospitality & Food
Commis Chef, Sous Chef, Hospitality Supervisor, Bar Manager, Butcher
Level 6–7 – New
Featured Apprenticeship

Insurance Practitioner Apprenticeship

Ireland's first apprenticeship to award a Level 8 honours degree. Earn a full salary while studying for a BA (Hons) in Insurance Practice through ATU Sligo and The Insurance Institute, delivered entirely online. Three qualifications in three years: APA in Year 1, QFA in Year 2, and BA (Hons) in Year 3.

Explore on earnandlearn.ie
Level 8 Honours Degree (BA)
Full salary + zero tuition fees
100% online study from your desk
80+ employers hiring nationwide
Open to all ages 18+, all backgrounds
Earning While You Learn

How Much Do Apprentices Get Paid?

Pay varies depending on your trade, employer, and what year you are in. As a general guide, apprentice wages increase every year as your skills develop.

Craft apprenticeships: Your employer pays you during on-the-job phases. During off-the-job training, you receive a training allowance from your local ETB.

New apprenticeships: Your employer pays your salary throughout the entire programme, including during off-the-job study periods.

Year 1
€250–€400 / week
Year 2
€350–€550 / week
Year 3
€450–€650 / week
Year 4 (Qualified Rate)
€700–€900+ / week

Figures are approximate guides for craft trades in 2025/26. Actual rates vary by employer, sector, and location.

Can You Apply?

Entry Requirements

Requirements vary between programmes, but here are the general minimums. Some employers set requirements above these, so always check individual programme details.

Age
Minimum age 16 for most craft apprenticeships. Newer programmes typically require you to be 18+.
Education
Craft: Grade C or higher at Ordinary Level in the Junior Cert in Maths, English, a science subject, and two others. Newer programmes vary.
Employer
You must be employed by a SOLAS-approved employer before you can start. Your employer signs a formal apprenticeship contract with you.
Other
Some trades require colour vision tests, medical assessments, or aptitude tests. Some employers require Leaving Cert Maths or Science grades.
Step by Step

How to Get an Apprenticeship

The most important thing to understand is that you need an employer first — you cannot register as an apprentice without one.

1
Research Your Options
Decide which trade or sector interests you. Browse the full list at apprenticeship.ie and check what qualifications each programme leads to.
2
Find an Employer
Search apprenticeshipjobs.ie, or apply directly through company careers pages. Major employers like ESB, Iarnród Éireann, and The Insurance Institute run structured campaigns each year.
3
Apply and Interview
Have your CV, Junior Cert or Leaving Cert results, and references ready. Larger companies often have online applications, aptitude tests, and interviews.
4
Get Hired and Register
Once an employer offers you a position, they register you as an apprentice with SOLAS (for craft) or the coordinating provider (for new apprenticeships). You sign a formal contract and training begins.
5
Start Your Apprenticeship
For craft apprenticeships, you typically begin on-the-job with your employer before being called to an ETB training centre. For newer programmes, your structure depends on the specific programme.
Common Questions

Frequently Asked Questions

Yes. Craft apprenticeships require a minimum of 5 Junior Cert subjects at Grade C or above (Ordinary Level), including Maths, English, and a science subject. You do not need the Leaving Cert for most craft trades. However, some employers and newer programmes do require Leaving Cert results, so always check the specific requirements.

Not at all. Apprenticeships are open to school leavers, college graduates, career changers, and older learners. The Insurance Practitioner Apprenticeship has an age profile of 18 to 55 and actively welcomes people from all backgrounds. There is no upper age limit for most programmes.

For craft apprenticeships, you receive a training allowance from your local ETB during off-the-job phases. For newer apprenticeships (post-2016), your employer pays your salary throughout the entire programme, including during off-the-job study periods.

Apprentices do not usually qualify for the SUSI grant. However, the Student Contribution Charge for apprentices has been reduced by 33% as part of recent budgets. Education costs for many newer programmes are government-funded, meaning you pay no tuition fees.

Off-the-job training may take place in a different location to your employer. For craft apprenticeships, your ETB or college placement is assigned by SOLAS and may require commuting or temporary relocation. You may be able to claim some travel and accommodation costs.

Craft apprenticeships lead to a QQI Level 6 Advanced Certificate – Craft. Newer apprenticeships can lead to qualifications from Level 5 to Level 10. The Insurance Practitioner Apprenticeship awards a Level 8 BA (Hons), and some programmes lead to Level 9 (Masters) qualifications.

Search for live vacancies on apprenticeshipjobs.ie, check individual employer career pages, or contact your local Education and Training Board. Major employers like ESB Networks, Iarnród Éireann, and Mercury Engineering run annual campaigns, typically in early spring.

Yes. A QQI Level 6 Advanced Certificate can be used as a stepping stone to further education. Many qualified craftspeople go on to complete Higher Certificates, degrees, or specialist courses. Some newer apprenticeships already award Level 7 or Level 8 qualifications on completion.
Key Contacts

Helpful Resources

Apprenticeship Freephone 1800 794 487 (Mon–Fri, 11am–5pm) — advice and support on all apprenticeship options
apprenticeship.ie Official national portal — browse all 70+ programmes, read news, and find your local ETB
apprenticeshipjobs.ie Live vacancy portal — search apprenticeship positions by location and trade
earnandlearn.ie Insurance Practitioner Apprenticeship — apply, explore employers, and check entry requirements
Your Local ETB Education and Training Boards administer craft apprenticeships locally — contact yours for advice on employers and applications in your area

Ready to Find Your Apprenticeship?

Take our quiz to match with the apprenticeship areas that suit your personality, explore our employers directory, or book a session with a guidance counsellor to talk through your options.

Take the Apprenticeship Quiz
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